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KANTHAL® APM AND KANTHAL® APMT POWDER METALLURGY HIGH-TEMPERATURE TUBES 2 KANTHAL® APM AND KANTHAL® APMT KANTHAL® APM AND KANTHAL® APMT 3 CONTENT MORE POWER, LONGER LIFE AND LESS MAINTENANCE 4 KANTHAL® APM AND KANTHAL® APMT ALLOYS 6 CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND
Resistance heating alloys for electric appliances 83 q = π 4 · d2 [11’] mm = π · d2 · γ 4 [19] R20/m = ρ · 4 π · d2 [1’] R20/m = ρ b · t [1’] R20/m = ρ 0.92 · b · t [1’] FORMULAS FOR VALUES IN TABLES In chapter Tables values for surface area, weight and resistance
Resistance heating alloys for electric appliances 91 -17.8 0 32 -17.2 1 33.8 -16.7 2 35.6 -16.1 3 37.4 -15.6 4 39.2 -15.0 5 41.0 -14.4 6 42.8 -13.9 7 44.6 -13.3 8 46.4 -12.8 9 48.2 -12.2 10 50.0 -11.7 11 51.8 -11.1 12 53.6 -10.6 13 55.4 -10.0 14 57.2 -9.44 15 59.0 -8.89 16 60.8 -
Resistance heating alloys for electric appliances 1 Metal sheathed tubular element. EXAMPLES Tubular element for a flat iron Rating, P 1000 W Voltage, U 220 V Final tube diameter 8 mm (0.315 in) Final tube length 300 mm (11.8 in) If the terminal length inside the tube is 2 × 25 mm the coil
DESIGN CALCULATIONS AND STANDARD TOLERANCES Example: Tubular element for a broiler application Element power rating: 2,000 W (P) Voltage: 230 V (U) Final tube diameter 8 mm Final tube length 1,000 mm As a first step it is of importance to find out the actual heating zone length. If the
DESIGN CALCULATIONS AND STANDARD TOLERANCES Example: Tubular element for a broiler application Element power rating: 2,000 W (P) Voltage: 230 V (U) Final tube diameter 8 mm Final tube length 1,000 mm As a first step it is of importance to find out the actual heating zone length. If the
DESIGN CALCULATIONS AND STANDARD TOLERANCES Note: The diagrams are valid for thyristor control. For on-off control lower surface loads should be chosen (about - 20%). 12 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Surface load, W/cm2 800 850 900 950 1,000 1,050 1,100 Furnace temperature, °C 800 850 900
APPENDIX FORMULAS AND DEFINITIONS Rating Voltage Current Resistance The following formulas and definitions apply to all applications: DEFINITION: Resistivity, ρ Ωmm2/m (Ω/cmf) The resistance of a conductor, R20, is directly propor- tional to its length, L and inversely proportional to its
APPENDIX EXAMPLES Tubular element for a flat iron Rating, P 1,000 W Voltage, U 220 V Final tube diameter 8 mm (0.315 in) Final tube length 300 mm (11.8 in) If the terminal length inside the tube is 2 × 25 mm the coil length (Le) will be Le = 300 mm – (2 × 25 mm) = 250 mm (9.8 in). Hot
